Innovative Applications of Nanomaterials in Healthcare and Environmental Sustainability

Muhammad Nouman; Abdul Qadeer Khan; Sumayya Tahir; Deena Jamal; Hafiz Fazal Mahmood; Fareeha Israr; Hassan Zeb; Muhammad Yaqoob; Faiza Shams

doi:10.70749/ijbr.v3i1.518

Authors

Muhammad Nouman Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Abdul Qadeer Khan Department of Allied Health Science, Iqra National University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
Sumayya Tahir Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Deena Jamal Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Hafiz Fazal Mahmood Institute of Allied Health Science, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
Fareeha Israr Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Hassan Zeb Department of Allied Health Science, Iqra National University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
Muhammad Yaqoob Farabi College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Charsadda, KP, Pakistan.
Faiza Shams Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v3i1.518

Keywords:

Nanotechnology, Nanomaterials, Healthcare, Environmental Sustainability, Pollution Control, Advanced Diagnostics

Abstract

Background: Nanotechnology has revolutionized healthcare and environmental sustainability through its ability to manipulate materials at the nanoscale. Its unique properties, including high surface reactivity and improved efficiency, have enabled novel applications in pollution control, diagnostics, and advanced material synthesis. Objective: This narrative review aimed to explore the innovative applications of nanomaterials in healthcare and environmental sustainability, emphasizing their potential benefits, limitations, and future directions. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using predefined keywords. Peer-reviewed studies published between 2010 and 2023 were selected based on relevance and methodological rigor. Data were synthesized narratively, focusing on key applications, efficacy, and associated challenges. Results: Nanomaterials demonstrated superior efficacy in water purification (85–92% pollutant removal), air filtration (95% particulate capture), and drug delivery (40–60% reduced systemic toxicity). Diagnostic sensitivity reached 90–95%, and tissue engineering applications showed a 2.5-fold increase in regeneration efficiency. However, scalability, cost, and environmental safety concerns limited broader adoption. Conclusion: Nanotechnology offers transformative solutions for healthcare and environmental challenges. Addressing scalability and safety concerns through interdisciplinary collaboration will be essential to fully realize its potential.

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