Effect of Oxytetracycline and Vitamins on the Restoration of Altered Hematological Profile of Cattles Clinically Infected with Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) Virus

Jawad Ahmad; Muhammad Aslam; Ali Gohar; Sulha Syed; Shakirullah Khan; Huma Bahri; Muhammad Owais Khan; Rafiq Ullah; Umar Hayat; Mohsin Khan; Tahira Tayyeb; Zulfiqar Ali; Raheela Taj; Laraib Naseeb Khan; Asad Ullah

doi:10.70749/ijbr.v3i4.1074

Authors

Jawad Ahmad The Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Zoology, Islamia College Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Muhammad Aslam The Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Zoology, Islamia College Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Ali Gohar College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry (CVS & AH), Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Sulha Syed Sarhad Institute of Allied Health Sciences, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Shakirullah Khan Veterinary Research & Disease Investigation Center (VR&DIC), Balogram Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Huma Bahri Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Muhammad Owais Khan Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Rafiq Ullah Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Umar Hayat Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Mohsin Khan Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Tahira Tayyeb Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Zulfiqar Ali Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Raheela Taj Institute of Chemical Sciences (ICS), University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Laraib Naseeb Khan Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Asad Ullah College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry (CVS & AH), Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8034-1240

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v3i4.1074

Keywords:

Haemoglobin(Hb), Penicillin, Fat Soluble Vitamins(FSV), Granulocytopenia, Livestock

Abstract

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a serious disease of cattle. The study was conducted to explore the potential protective effect of Oxytetracycline and Vitamins A, D and E on hematological alterations induced by lumpy skin virus in clinically infected animals. Significant changes were observed in the percentages of white blood cells (WBC), granulocytes (GRAN), lymphocytes (LYMP), Hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean platelets volume (MPV) in some infected animals. Lumpy skin disease caused a significant reduction in WBC count (4.44 ± 0.45), as compared to healthy non-infected animals (6.90 ± 0.54). Treatment with Oxytetracycline alone increased the number of WBC, indicating its antiviral properties. However, adjunct treatment with vitamin A, D, and E did not impact WBC restoration. Lymphocyte count spiked (from 0.70 ± 0.12 to 1.8583 ± 0.18) in response to lumpy skin infection, reflecting the disease's inflammatory and viremic nature. Granulocytopenia was observed in infected animals, potentially due to the lack of innate immunity against the virus. Hematocrit percentage was significantly higher (30.13 ± 1.48) in infected animals indicating dehydration, but decreased in the Oxytetracycline treated group (26.68±1.84), suggesting restoration of appetite and hydration. Increased mean corpuscular volume (47.06 ±1.73) was observed in infected animals as compared to non-infected animals (42.49 ±1.38). Treatment with Oxytetracycline alone or in combination with vitamins showed potential in restoring red blood cell size. Decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) was observed in lumpy skin infected animals, and treatment effectively restored MCHC. In conclusion, lumpy skin disease caused significant hematological alterations, and treatment with Oxytetracycline alone or in combination with Vitamins A, D and E showed promising results in restoring the affected parameters.

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