Frequency of Phenotypic Features in Women Having PCOS Presenting in A Tertiary Care Hospital of Azad Jammu & Kashmir
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v3i7.2201Keywords:
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Phenotypes, Socioeconomic Status, Obesity, Menstrual IrregularityAbstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common endocrine disorder in reproductive-age females with diverse clinical phenotypes of menstrual irregularity, acne, hirsutism, and obesity. Explanation of phenotypic variation and sociodemographic associations is necessary for early identification and targeted interventions. Objective: To determine the frequency of phenotypical features in women having PCOS presenting in tertiary care hospital of AJK. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Duration and Place of Study: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, AIMS Hospital, Muzaffarabad, from March 2025 to May 2025. Methodology: A total of 160 women aged 15–45 years presenting with clinical features of PCOS were enrolled using WHO sample size calculation. Exclusions included pregnancy, chronic medical disorders, pelvic inflammatory disease, and uterine/ovarian pathology. Diagnosis of PCOS was based on Rotterdam criteria. Data included sociodemographics, menstrual and clinical history, physical examination, ultrasonography, and hormonal assays. Results: Mean age was 31.01±7.93 years with mean BMI 34.64±5.79 kg/m². Irregular menstrual cycles were observed in 71.3%, acne in 67.5%, hirsutism in 27.5%, and obesity in 80.0% of participants. Significant associations were found between irregular cycles and socioeconomic status (p=0.004) and education (p=0.012). Acne and hirsutism showed significant associations with socioeconomic status (p<0.001 and p=0.014, respectively). Obesity correlated significantly with BMI (p<0.001) and education (p<0.001). Conclusion: PCOS presents predominantly with obesity, menstrual irregularity, and acne.
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