Frequency of Perinatal Outcomes in Patients with Major Degree Placenta Previa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v3i7.2296Keywords:
Placenta Previa, Perinatal Outcomes, Prematurity, Neonatal Death, NICU AdmissionAbstract
Background: Major degree placenta previa, characterized by complete coverage of the cervical os by the placenta, poses significant risks to both mother and fetus. Despite improvements in obstetric practice, it remains a leading cause of prematurity, perinatal morbidity, and mortality. Objective: To determine the frequency of perinatal outcomes in patients with major degree placenta previa. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Duration and Place of Study: The study was carried out from January 2025 to May 2025 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. Methodology: A total of 113 women aged 20–40 years with ultrasound-confirmed major degree placenta previa were enrolled. Patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension, eclampsia, gestational diabetes, or fetal anomalies were excluded. Baseline demographic details were recorded, and perinatal outcomes were documented. Results: Prematurity was the most frequent outcome, affecting 72 patients (63.7%), while 41 (36.3%) delivered at term. NICU admission was required in 28 cases (24.8%). Birth asphyxia and neonatal death were observed in 20 patients each (17.7%). Intrauterine fetal death occurred in 14 cases (12.4%). Higher rates of prematurity and NICU admissions were seen in mothers >30 years, while low maternal BMI was significantly associated with intrauterine fetal death (p=0.046). Conclusion: Our study has concluded that major degree placenta previa is strongly associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, especially prematurity, neonatal mortality, and NICU admission.
Downloads
References
1. Anderson-Bagga, F. M., & Sze, A. (2019). Placenta previa.
https://europepmc.org/article/nbk/nbk539818?utm_medium=email&utm_source=transaction&client=bot
2. Fratelli, N., Prefumo, F., Maggi, C., Cavalli, C., Sciarrone, A., Garofalo, A., Viora, E., Vergani, P., Ornaghi, S., Betti, M., Vaglio Tessitore, I., Cavaliere, A. F., Buongiorno, S., Vidiri, A., Fabbri, E., Ferrazzi, E., Maggi, V., Cetin, I., & Frusca, T. (2022). Third-trimester ultrasound for antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum in women with placenta previa: results from the ADoPAD study. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 60(3), 381-389.
https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.24889
3. Silver, R. M., & Branch, D. W. (2018). Placenta Accreta spectrum. New England Journal of Medicine, 378(16), 1529-1536.
https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmcp1709324
4. Rao, J., Fan, D., Zhou, Z., Luo, X., Ma, H., Wan, Y., Shen, X., Lin, D., Zhang, H., Liu, Y., & Liu, Z. (2021). Maternal and neonatal outcomes of placenta Previa with and without coverage of a uterine scar: A retrospective cohort study in a tertiary hospital. International Journal of Women's Health, 13, 671-681.
https://doi.org/10.2147/ijwh.s310097
5. Sahu, S., & Shrivastava, D. (2024). Maternal and perinatal outcomes in placenta Previa: A comprehensive review of evidence. Cureus.
https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.59737
6. Jansen, C. H., Van Dijk, C. E., Kleinrouweler, C. E., Holzscherer, J. J., Smits, A. C., Limpens, J. C., Kazemier, B. M., Van Leeuwen, E., & Pajkrt, E. (2022). Risk of preterm birth for placenta previa or low-lying placenta and possible preventive interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.921220
7. CRANE, J. M., VAN DEN HOF, M. C., DODDS, L., ARMSON, B. A., & LISTON, R. (1999). Neonatal outcomes with placenta Previa. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 93(4), 541-544.
https://doi.org/10.1097/00006250-199904000-00014
8. Ahn, K. H., Lee, E. H., Cho, G. J., Hong, S., Oh, M., & Kim, H. (2018). Anterior placenta previa in the mid-trimester of pregnancy as a risk factor for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. PLOS ONE, 13(11), e0207061.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207061
9. Ortigoza, E. B. (2022). Feeding intolerance. Early Human Development, 171, 105601.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2022.105601
10. Giouleka, S., Gkiouleka, M., Tsakiridis, I., Daniilidou, A., Mamopoulos, A., Athanasiadis, A., & Dagklis, T. (2023). Diagnosis and management of neonatal hypoglycemia: A comprehensive review of guidelines. Children, 10(7), 1220.
https://doi.org/10.3390/children10071220
11. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Antenatal corticosteroid therapy for fetal maturation. Obstet Gynecol. 2017;130(2):e102–9.
12. Jauniaux, E., Alfirevic, Z., Bhide, A., Belfort, M., Burton, G., Collins, S., Dornan, S., Jurkovic, D., Kayem, G., Kingdom, J., Silver, R., & Sentilhes, L. (2018). Placenta Praevia and placenta Accreta: Diagnosis and management. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 126(1).
https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.15306
13. FYALA, S. E., & MOHAMAD NEZAR, A. G. (2018). Maternal and perinatal outcome of major degree placenta Previa at Mansoura University hospital. The Medical Journal of Cairo University, 86(12), 4259-4265.
https://doi.org/10.21608/mjcu.2018.62813
14. Azhar, T., Bano, S., & Awais, N. (2014). Major degree placenta praevia;. The Professional Medical Journal, 21(06), 1133-1138.
https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2014.21.06.2268
15. Hafeez, M., Badar, N. A. Z. I. A., & Akram, N. I. S. H. A. T. (2014). Placenta previa; prevalence, risk factor and outcome. Pakistan J Med Heal Sci, 8(1), 208-11.
16. Raees, M., Parveen, Z., & Kamal, M. (2015). Fetal and maternal outcome in major degree placenta previa. Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences, 13(3).
17. Zhang, L., Bi, S., Du, L., Gong, J., Chen, J., Sun, W., Shen, X., Tang, J., Ren, L., Chai, G., Wang, Z., & Chen, D. (2020). Effect of previous placenta previa on outcome of next pregnancy: A 10-year retrospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 20(1).
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-02890-3
18. Lad, S. U., & Shinde, M. A. (2022). Maternal and perinatal outcomes in placenta Previa: A retrospective study at a tertiary care centre of western India. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH.
https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2022/52688.15997
19. Anuradha, K., Majumder, S. P., Sheuly, B., & Fahmida, S. (2022). Maternal and perinatal outcome in placenta Previa: One year study in Enam medical college hospital. Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences, 10(4), 623-629.
https://doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2022.v10i04.032
20. Asim, Z., Khattak, K., Ali, E., Zia, N., Ali, M., Gul, R., Ullah, F., Bibi, T., Ullah, H., & Khan, A. U. (2025). Investigating the frequency of placenta Previa and the associated risk factors during pregnancy. Cureus.
https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.86053
21. Manognya, A. (2022). Maternal and perinatal outcome in placenta previa: A prospective observational study at a tertiary care hospital in Hanmakonda, Telangana, India. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 11(7), 1946.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Indus Journal of Bioscience Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
