Prevalence of Malaria in Blood Smears of Human Population in District Mardan

Abstract

Background: Malaria is a vector-borne disease caused by Plasmodium parasites and transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes, posing a significant health risk to nearly half of the world’s population. It is particularly endemic in Pakistan, where it remains a major public health concern. Objective: The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of malaria infection in District Mardan. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted from January to April 2021, and data on malaria patients were collected from the District Headquarters Hospital, Mardan. The data were analyzed by month, age group, and gender. A total of 2,843 blood samples were collected between January 11 and April 6, 2021. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel (2013) and Microsoft Word (2013). Results: Out of the 2,843 samples, 29 (1.02%) tested positive for malaria. Females accounted for a higher proportion of cases (55.1%) compared to males (44.8%). The highest prevalence was recorded in the 21–40 years age group (62%). In terms of monthly distribution, the majority of cases occurred in March (37.9%), followed by January (31%), February (24%), and April (6.8%). Conclusion: The study found a higher prevalence of malaria among females and individuals aged 21–40 years, with the peak occurrence in March. These findings highlight the need for targeted malaria control measures in District Mardan, especially among the most affected age group and during high-risk months.