DNA Repair Mechanisms in Multi Drug Resistant Bacteria: Impact on Genome Stability and Antibiotic Resistance

Faiqa Shakeel; Iman Mustafa; Ruba Shahid; Amna Noor; Mishaal Fatima; Kiran Ghafoor; AminaTariq; Samra Zulfiqar

doi:10.70749/ijbr.v3i9.2486

Authors

Faiqa Shakeel Faculty of Engineering and Science (FES), University of Greenwich, England, UK.
Iman Mustafa Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
Ruba Shahid Department of Biotechnology (Knowledge Unit of Science, KUSC), University of Management and Technology, Sialkot Campus, Punjab, Pakistan.
Amna Noor Department of Pathology, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
Mishaal Fatima Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
Kiran Ghafoor Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan.
AminaTariq Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan.
Samra Zulfiqar Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v3i9.2486

Keywords:

MDR, DNA Repair, Antibiotic Resistance, Antibiotic Stress.

Abstract

Conventional antibiotics are becoming less effective as the global health crisis of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections worsens. The function of bacterial DNA repair systems in promoting MDR is a quickly developing paradigm, despite the well-established nature of conventional resistance mechanisms such as efflux pumps and drug-inactivating enzymes. The present understanding of how DNA repair pathways, which are necessary for the stability of the genome, paradoxically promote adaptive mutagenesis and horizontal gene transfer under antibiotic stress is summarized in this review. In important MDR pathogens, we investigate the complex interactions among repair mechanisms, stress reactions, and resistance evolution. The regulatory crosstalk with other bacterial systems and the potential of DNA repair inhibitors as novel therapeutic adjuvants are two examples of significant knowledge gaps that are highlighted. We wrap up by going over potential future directions for focusing on DNA repair to re-sensitize MDR bacteria and prolong the effectiveness of current antibiotics.

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