Advancements and Challenges in Anti-aging Research: Exploring Anti-aging Pathways to Longevity and Disease Prevention
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v3i12.2684Keywords:
Aging, Anti-aging Research, Bioprinting, Challenges, Diseases, DNA, Genetic, Lifespan.Abstract
Anti-aging research has become central to understanding the biological processes that regulate aging and affect the health span and lifespan. This narrative review summarizes the evolution of anti-aging research from early theories to major 20th-century breakthroughs, which established a foundation for this research, particularly in cellular senescence and antioxidant mechanisms. Now, contemporary research defines aging as the complex interplay shaped by genetic, molecular, and environmental factors. Revolutionary concepts such as caloric restriction, oxidative stress, telomere biology and cellular aging explained the basic mechanisms of aging. Current genetic and molecular approaches, regenerative medicine, and elaboration of anti-aging compounds such as NAD⁺ enhancers, metformin, and rapamycin push the range of therapeutic strategies for aging diseases. Moreover, genetic findings of longevity, such as SIRT1 and FOXO3, with their genome-editing technologies like CRISPR, opened new directions for interventions into aging. Advancements in stem cell therapies, tissue engineering, and personalized medicine aim to extend healthy longevity. Despite these advances, anti-aging research has many difficulties, such as ethical, scientific, and regulatory ones. However, anti-aging research may help to prevent chronic diseases, improving the quality of life, and socioeconomic and psychological outcomes. Future directions point toward emerging technologies, interdisciplinary collaborations, and global contributions of researchers to extend human health and improve lifespan.
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