Efficacy of Errector Spinae Block on Peri-Operative Opioid Consumption in Spine

Abstract

Background: Spine surgery often involves moderate to severe pain that can be difficult to manage effectively postoperatively. Poor pain control may result in delayed mobilization and higher complications postoperatively. Regional techniques for anesthesia, such as erector spinae block, may play a role in achieving low opioid dosages and improved pain control. Objective: To determine the efficacy of erector spinae block in reducing perioperative opioid consumption and postoperative pain in patients undergoing spine surgery. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Duration and Place of Study: This study was conducted from February 2025 to May 2025 in the Orthopedic and Neurosurgery operation theatres under the Department of Anesthesia at Doctors Hospital, Lahore. Methodology: A total of 60 patients aged 18 to 60 years undergoing elective lumbar spine surgery were included and randomly divided into two groups with 30 patients in each group. Postoperative pain was assessed using numerical pain scale at 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours at rest and during movement. Total opioid consumption within 24 hours was recorded. Data were analyzed using independent sample t test. Results: The mean opioid consumption within 24 hours was significantly lower in the erector spinae block group (12.39 ± 9.86 mg) compared to the control group (30.44 ± 12.23 mg) with p < 0.001. Postoperative pain scores at rest and during movement were also significantly lower in the erector spinae block group at all measured time points, with all p values < 0.001. Conclusion: Erector spinae block is an effective technique for reducing perioperative opioid consumption and postoperative pain in spine surgery patients.