Comparison of Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting in Metoclopramide alone and Combination of Metoclopramide with Dexamethasone in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v3i4.2759Keywords:
Dexamethasone, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Metoclopramide, Anesthesia, Postoperative nausea and vomitingAbstract
Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting is a common complication after anesthesia and surgery especially in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It causes discomfort, delays oral intake, increases hospital stay and reduces patient satisfaction. Single drug antiemetic therapy may not always provide adequate control in high risk surgeries. Objective: To compare the frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients receiving metoclopramide alone and those receiving a combination of metoclopramide with dexamethasone after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methodology: This randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Department of Anesthesiology Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from January 2024 to July 2024. A total of 98 patients aged 20 to 70 years undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included. Group A received metoclopramide alone while Group B received metoclopramide with dexamethasone intravenously before anesthesia induction. Postoperative nausea and vomiting was assessed within 24 hours after surgery. Data were analyzed using chi square test and Fischer exact test with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Postoperative nausea and vomiting occurred in 30.6% patients in the metoclopramide alone group and 14.3% patients in the combination group. In patients with body mass index greater than 25 kg per meter square, postoperative nausea and vomiting was significantly lower in the combination group compared to monotherapy (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Combination of metoclopramide with dexamethasone is more effective than metoclopramide alone in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting.
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